These determine which paths
will be searched to resolve unknown constants. The load_paths option is the
same one that provided the application??™s load paths in step 2.
5. load_environment: Loads and evaluates the environment-specific (development,
production, or test) configuration file.
6. initialize_encoding: Sets $KCODE to u for UTF-8 support throughout Rails.
7. initialize_database: If ActiveRecord is being used, sets up its database configuration
and connects to the database server.
8. initialize_logger: Sets up the logger and sets the top-level constant RAILS_
DEFAULT_LOGGER to the instance. If logger is specified in the configuration, it is
used. If not, a new logger is created and directed to the log_path specified. If that
fails, a warning is displayed and logging is redirected to standard error.
9. initialize_framework_logging: Sets the logger for ActiveRecord, ActionController,
and Action Mailer (if they are being used) to the logger that was just set up.
10. initialize_framework_views: Sets the view path for ActionController and Action
Mailer to the value of the view_path configuration item.
11. initialize_dependency_mechanism: Sets Dependencies.mechanism (which determines
whether to use require or load to load files) based on the setting of the
cache_classes configuration item.
12. initialize_whiny_nils: If the whiny_nils configuration item is true, adds the
Whiny Nil extensions (that complain when trying to call id or other methods on
nil) to NilClass.
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