, 109
Subscription identities, 95
Subscription Locator Function
(SLF), 13, 17, 112
Successful responses, 65??“66
Successful transaction, 191
SUPPORTED (SIP header),
81, 116, 120
Suspend (SUS), 122
Switches, 6, 7, 32
Switching fabric, 32, 44, 45, 49
T
TAG value, 132, 134
Tag value, 132??“133
Tampering, with message body, 140,
141, 148
Tandems, 46
TCAP, 31, 43
TCAP (Transaction Capabilities
Application Part), 60
TCAP (Transaction Control
Application Part), 41
TCP/IP, 29
TDM (Time Division Multiplexed)
facilities, 43
Teardown:
session, 140??“141
of voice circuits, 41
Tekelec, 38
TEL URIs:
converting, 16
format of, 99
and interoperability, 97
and session establishment, 120
Telephone numbers, 87??“90
Telephone system, 3
evolution of, 87??“88
privatization of, 137, 138
Temporary Mobile Subscriber
Identity (TMSI), 91
Terminating inter-operator
identifier, 192
Terminating network, 159??“160
Terminating sessions in IMS, 136
Terminating-IOI AVP, 189, 196
Text messaging, 60, 62, 147, 167,
173, 191
3rd Generation Partnership Project
(3GPP), 2
and charging standards, 37
migration path of, 29
protocol extensions designed by,
60, 107
vendor-ID value for, 197
Threshold (reporting reason), 194
Time (from DATE header), 72
Time description, 84
Time Division Multiplexed (TDM)
facilities, 43
Time zone adjustments, 84
222 Index
Index 223
Time-quota-threshold AVP, 189, 196
Timers:
and client failure responses, 67
for holding time, 194
and provisional responses, 65
registration, 14
and server failure responses, 68
Timestamp, 196
TIMESTAMP (SIP header), 81
Time-stamps AVP, 189, 196
Title, media, 84
TLS (see Transport Layer Security)
TMSI (Temporary Mobile Subscriber
Identity), 91
TO (SIP header), 81??“82, 111, 113,
115, 117, 118, 132, 136
Token ID, 151
Too Many Hops (SIP response), 67
Tool (in media attribute line), 85
Topology hiding, 14, 131, 154,
158??“160
Total SIP network, 54
Traffic analysis, 146
Transaction Capabilities Application
Part (TCAP), 60
Transaction Control Application
Part (TCAP), 41
Transit network selection, 127
Transiting networks, 148??“149,
153, 160
Transitional strategies, 35, 40
Transparency, 10
Transport address, 84
Transport Layer Security (TLS),
146, 154, 155
Triggers:
ACR, 199
CCR, 199
Trigger-type AVP, 189, 194,
196??“197
Troubleshooting, 86
Trunk, 20
Trunk group, 192, 193
Trunk-group-ID AVP, 189, 197
Trunking, 20, 25
Trusted domain, 157??“159, 163
Trying (SIP response), 65
Tunneling, 48, 72
Type (in media attribute
line), 85
U
UAs (see SIP User Agents)
UICC (see Universal Integrated
Circuit Card)
UMTS (see Universal Mobile
Telecommunications Service)
Unauthorized (SIP response), 67
Unauthorized access to network,
12??“13
Unicast address, 93
Unicast not available (warning), 83
Unit reservation, 174, 198
United States:
IN implementation in, 40
SS7 implementation in, 9
Universal Integrated Circuit Card
(UICC), 63, 70, 100, 111, 142??“144
Universal Mobile Telecommunications
Service (UMTS):
for air interface, 9
and IMS interface, 52??“53
reference points for, 24
Universal Resource Identifiers
(URIs), 11, 95??“98
addressing, 96??“99
format of, 88
IP address resolved from, 97??“98,
100??“101
and P-ASSOCIATED-URI
header, 75
in session level description, 84
SIP, 96??“98, 120
TEL (see TEL URIs)
Universal Resource Locators
(URLs), 16, 87, 190
Unspecified error, 191
Unsuccessful session setup, 191
UNSUPPORTED (SIP header), 82
Unsupported URI Scheme (SIP
response), 67
UPDATE (SIP method), 63??“64, 135
Uplink, 191
URIs (see Universal Resource
Identifiers)
URLs (see Universal Resource
Locators)
Usage measurements, 166, 173
Use Proxy (SIP response), 66
User Agents (see SIP User
Agents (UAs))
User identities, 99??“103
domain name in, 111
importance of, 95
private, 99??“100
public, 100??“103
purposes of, 99
User location, 13
User profile, 171??“200
attribute-value pairs, 185,
187??“197
charging data correlation, 200
and DIAMETER accounting,
173??“175
offline charging in IMS, 175??“178,
198, 199
online charging in IMS, 177??“186,
197??“199
structure of, 172
User service information,
127??“129
USER-AGENT (SIP header), 82
User-name AVP, 189, 197
User-session-ID AVP, 189, 197
User-to-user (UUS) data, 197
amount of, 190
direction of, 191
UUS data (see User-to-user data)
UUS-data AVP, 189, 197
V
Validation, 169
Validity_time (reporting reason), 194
Vendor-ID AVP, 189, 197
Vendor-specific-application-ID, 190
Version Not Supported (SIP
response), 68
Version number, 59
VIA (SIP header), 82
and P-VISITED-NETWORK-ID
header, 77
in REGISTER message, 111, 115
in routing request, 131
and security, 152, 159
in session establishment, 134
Video:
charging architecture for, 163
charging for, 166
protocols for, 29
Video conference calls, 167
224 Index
Visited Location Register (VLR),
7, 23
Visited networks, 7
and authorization, 145
and P-VISITED-NETWORK-ID
header, 77
and resolving addresses, 99
VLR (see Visited Location Register)
Voice application server, 50
Voice communications, 3
charging architecture for,
162, 166
on Internet, 137
packetized, 30, 33
protocols for, 29
Voice over IP (VoIP):
deployment as growth strategy,
32??“33
gateways for, 42
and IMS interface, 48??“51
IMS interworking with, 127
loose routing on, 158
security problems with, 137??“138
shortcomings of, 25, 28??“30, 33,
95, 96
SIP developed for, 4
softswitches and security of, 15
subscriber-challenge lacking
with, 156
and wireless networks, 7
and wireline operators, 7
VoIP (see Voice over IP)
Volume-quota-threshold AVP,
189, 197
Vonage, 33, 50
W
WARNING (SIP header),
68, 83
Webinar, 22, 85??“86
Whiteboard orientation (in media
attribute line), 85
Wireless networks:
addressing in, 90??“91
databases for, 4, 6
evolution of, 8
IN implementation, 7
registration length in, 14
SIP use in, 5
subscriber identity in, 42
and VoIP, 7
Wireline networks:
IN implementation in, 5
migration to IP-based networks
from, 30
registration length in, 14
SS7 implementation in, 9
subscriber identity in, 42
subscriber lines on, 89
VoIP implementation in, 7
WLAN-information, 196
WWW-AUTHENTICATE
(SIP header), 70, 83
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